A Novel and Efficient Anti-Collision Protocol for RFID Tag Identification

Radio frequency identification (RFID) is prominent technology for fast object identification and tracking. In RFID systems, reader-to-reader or tag-to-tag collisions are common. Majority of probabilistic and deterministic anticollisions methods are inefficient in channel distribution and improving the performance. In this work, simulation annealing based anti-collision protocol is proposed where there is uniform distribution of channels among readers. In addition, preference is given to tag state parameters over fixed scheduling in order to increase the performance. The tag state parameters named energy efficiency, distance from selected reader and distance from obstacles are considered. The simulation results show that the proposed approach is an effective mechanism where there is a minimum improvement of 16.7% for 100 readers and maximum of 32.7% for 1000 readers in tag identification ratio, and a minimum improvement of 23% for 1000 readers and maximum of 75.3% for 100 readers in total successful interrogation cycles. Further, total time cycles, total IDLE cycles, total number of collisions, delay, and total number of packets sent and received are reduced compared to state-of-art protocols. It is observed that the proposed simulation annealing based protocol is contiguous channels allocation algorithm with zero collision. Keywords—RFID; anti-collision; simulated annealing; performance; tag-to-tag collisions; reader-to-reader collisions